Multigenerational physiological compensation and body size reduction dampen the effects of warming on copepods

Under the current ocean warming scenario, multigenerational studies are essential to address possible adaptive changes in phenotypic traits of copepod populations. In this study, we exposed calanoid Paracartia grani, reared laboratory at 19°C, warmer conditions (22°C and 25°C) investigate key 1st, 10th, 11th generations. Development rates adult body size were inversely related temperature all We also found a decline egg higher temperatures. Temperature had positive effects on ingestion production rate females first generation, but thermal response copepods diminished significantly consecutive The decrease feeding after exposure cannot be explained only by shrinkage temperatures, involves action physiological compensation. These processes did not appear have significant cost other traits, such as hatching success, gross growth efficiency, sex ratio. Our findings implications for prediction activity highlight importance adaptation exposure.